Pediatric diseases & Diagnosis

The following information lists some of the most common childhood illnesses and their approved treatments

Allergies & the Immune System:

The most common allergens include: Air Pollution and Asthma, Celiac Disease, Eczema, Food Allergies, Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP), Hives (Urticaria), Psoriasis

No laboratory studies are needed for allergies if the patient has a straightforward history. When the history is confusing, various studies are helpful, including the following: Skin testing, Allergen-specific IgE, Nasal smear

A surgical intervention like Turbinectomies, Nasal polypectomy May be performed in some cases

Treatment of allergens can be done by Avoidance of allergens or environmental controls, Medications, Allergen-specific immunotherapy

Sleep Disorders:

The most common Sleep Disorders include: Night Terrors, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Sleep Problems in Teens, Sleepwalking

Sleep experts use a variety of tools to make an accurate diagnosis of your child’s sleep problem: Sleep Diary, Sleepiness Scale, Sleep Study, Multiple Sleep Latency Test, and Blood Test

Medication is usually used sparingly like Behavioural therapies, Sleep hygiene

Sexual & Reproductive System Disorders:

The most common Sexual & Reproductive System Disorders include: Klinefelter Syndrome, Menstrual Problems, Miscarriages, Precocious Puberty, Testicular Torsion, Turner Syndrome, and Vaginal Yeast Infections

Learning Disorders:

The most common Learning Disorders include: ADHD, Autism, Neurocutaneous Syndromes

Some of the more common tests used in the diagnosis of a learning disability are Intelligence Tests, Achievement Tests, Visual-Motor Integration Tests, and Language Tests

Few ways how educators help children with specific learning disabilities are Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, Dyscalculia, Dyspraxia

Bones & Muscles Disorders:

The most common Bones & Muscles Disorders include: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries, Becker Muscular Dystrophy, Blount Disease, CLOVES Syndrome, Cervical Kyphosis, Costochondritis, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Dwarfism, Fibromyalgia, Fibular Hemimelia, Ganglion Cysts, Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Some of the more common tests are the physical examination, blood tests, DNA tests, bone X-rays and a DEXA scan (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) - a test for measuring bone mineral density.

The treatment of rickets focuses on increasing the patient's intake of calcium, phosphates, and vitamin D, Exposure to sunlight, consuming fish oils. Exposure to UVB light and consuming calcium and phosphorus is usually enough.

Brain & Nervous System Disorders:

The most common Brain & Nervous System Disorders include: Abusive Head Trauma Asperger Syndrome, Bell's Palsy, Benign Rolandic Epilepsy, Brain Tumors, Brain and Nervous System Cancers, Burners and Stingers, Cerebral Palsy, Chiari Malformation, Childhood Absence Epilepsy (CAE)

Key Treatments: Brain Mapping, Cyberknife, Deep Brain Stimulation, Gamma Knife

Neurological tests to evaluate children may include: CT scan, Electroencephalogram (EEG), MRI, Electrodiagnostic tests, Positron emission tomography (PET) scan, Arteriogram, Cerebral spinal fluid analysis, Myelogram, Ultrasound (also called sonography, Neurosonography